Which of the following terms refers to the volume of data sent over a network in a specified time frame?

The term that refers to the volume of data sent over a network in a specified time frame is bandwidth. Bandwidth specifically defines the maximum rate at which data can be transferred over a network connection and is typically measured in bits per second (bps). It indicates the capacity of the connection and helps determine how much information can be transmitted simultaneously without experiencing delays.

Throughput, while it sounds similar, actually measures the actual amount of data successfully transmitted over a network during a specific time period. This value can be less than the bandwidth due to various factors like network congestion, packet loss, or latency.

Latency refers to the delay before data transfer begins following an instruction for its transfer, which is different from measuring the volume of data itself.

Data rate is a more general term that can relate to various contexts of data transmission but does not specifically capture the concept of maximum capacity that bandwidth does. Hence, understanding bandwidth is crucial for assessing network performance and ensuring that data transfer meets the necessary requirements in real-time applications.